1. VOCABULARY

1. Masculine nouns ending in -a

t±pasa	hermit
±cariya	teacher
vejja	doctor
s²ha	lion
luddaka	hunter
aja	goat
v±nara / makkaµa	monkey
l±bha	profit
mañca	bed
kudd±la	hoe

 

Verbs

2. Declension of masculine nouns ending in -a (contd.)
Dative case:

• Case endings -±ya / -ssa are added to the nominal base to form the dative singular.
• The case ending -±na½ is added to form the dative plural.

Singular

1. nara + ±ya / ssa = nar±ya / narassa (for or to the man)
2. m±tula + ±ya / ssa = m±tul±ya / m±tulassa (for or to the uncle)
3. kassaka + ±ya / ssa = kassak±ya / kassakassa (for or to the farmer)

Plural

1. nara + ±na½ = nar±na½ (for or to men)
2. m±tula + ±na½ = m±tul±na½ (for or to uncles)
3. kassaka + ±na½ = kassak±na½ (for or to farmers)

3. Examples in sentence formation

Singular

1. Dh²varo nar±ya maccha½ ±harati.
The fisherman brings a fish for the man.

2. Putto m±tulassa odana½ dad±ti.
The son gives rice to the uncle.

3. V±ºijo kassakassa aja½ dad±ti.
The merchant gives a goat to the farmer.

Plural

1. Dh²var± nar±na½ macche ±haranti.
Fishermen bring fish for men.

2. Putt± m±tul±na½ odana½ dadanti.
Sons give rice to uncles.

3. V±ºij± kassak±na½ aje dadanti.
Merchants give goats to farmers.

Exercise 5

4. Translate into English

1. V±ºijo rajakassa s±µaka½ dad±ti.
2. Vejjo ±cariyassa d²pa½ ±harati.
3. Mig± p±s±ºamh± pabbata½ dh±vanti.
4. Manuss± Buddhehi dhamma½ labhanti.
5. Puriso vejj±ya sakaµa½ ±ka¹¹hati.
6. D±rako hatthena y±cakassa bhatta½ ±harati.
7. Y±cako ±cariy±ya ±v±µa½ khaºati.
8. Rajako amacc±na½ s±µake dad±ti.
9. Br±hmaºo s±vak±na½ mañce ±harati.
10. V±naro rukkhamh± patati, kukkuro v±nara½ ¹asati.
11. Dh²var± piµakehi amacc±na½ macche ±haranti.
12. Kassako v±ºij±ya rukkha½ chindati.
13. Coro kudd±lena ±cariy±ya ±v±µa½ khaºati.
14. Vejjo putt±na½ bhatta½ pacati.
15. T±paso luddakena saddhi½ bh±sati.
16. Luddako t±pasassa d²pa½ dad±ti.
17. S²h± mige hananti.
18. Makkaµo puttena saha rukkha½ ±ruhati.
19. Samaº± up±sakehi odana½ labhanti.
20. D±rak± rodanti, kum±ro hasati, m±tulo kum±ra½ paharati.
21. V±nar± pabbatamh± oruhanti, rukkhe ±ruhanti.
22. Cor± ratha½ pavisanti, amacco ratha½ pajahati.
23. ¾cariyo d±rak±ya rukkhamh± suka½ ±harati.
24. Luddako pabbatasm± aja½ ±ka¹¹hati.
25. T±paso pabbatamh± s²ha½ passati.
26. V±ºij± kassakehi l±bha½ labhanti.
27. Luddako v±ºij±na½ var±he hanati.
28. T±paso ±cariyamh± pañhe pucchati.
29. Putto mañcamh± patati.
30. Kum±r± sah±yakehi saddhi½ nah±yanti.

5. Translate into P±li

1. Merchants bring horses for ministers.
2. The hunter kills a goat for the merchant.
3. The man cuts trees with a saw for the farmer.
4. Deer run away from the lion.
5. The king worships the Buddha along with lay devotees.
6. Thieves run from villages to the mountains.
7. The washerman washes garments for the king.
8. The fisherman brings fish in baskets for farmers.
9. The teacher enters the monastery, sees the monks.
10. The serpent bites the monkey.
11. Boys drag the bed for the brahmin.
12. Thieves enter the palace together with men.
13. Farmers get fish from fishermen.
14. Pigs go from the island to the mountain.
15. The king abandons the palace, the son enters the monastery.
16. The lion sleeps, the monkeys play.
17. The teacher protects his sons from the dog.
18. Hunters shoot deer with arrows for ministers.
19. Children desire rice from the uncle.
20. The doctor gives a garment to the hermit.
21. The merchant brings a goat by cart for the teacher.
22. Sons see the moon from the mountain.
23. Wise men get profit from the dhamma.
24. Monkeys leave the village.
25. The son brings a parrot for his friend from the mountain.
26. The doctor enters the monastery.
27. The jackal runs from the village to the mountain along the road.
28. The cart falls off the road, the child cries.
29. The ministers go up the stairway, the doctor comes down the stairway.
30. Wise men ask questions from the Buddha.

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